When you’re in a darker situation with less available light, you’ll want to open your aperture up. So, when do you close or open the aperture? Well, if you’re in a bright, heavily-illuminated situation-like standing outside in the middle of the day-you’ll want to close your aperture to avoid overexposing your image. This is nothing but a way to control the amount of light that comes in through the lens. When you have a bigger number like f22, it means the iris will close almost all the way, letting in as little light as possible (darker). The smaller the number-f2.8 or f4-the wider the iris will open (letting in more light). These numbers are referred to as “f-stops,” or “t-stops” for cinema level lenses. They usually start anywhere from 1.8, 2.8, 4, and may go all the way to 22 or 36. You’ll see numbers that wrap around the lens. Now, let’s just start with the basics, like what your lens is going to look like.
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